Tracheophytes

The Tracheophytes: (Phylum: Tracheophyta)
Features: * are called vascular plants as they have conducting vessels. * consisting of root, stem, leaf. * its autotrophic nutrition is the product of the photosynthetic process. * 3 types of tissue devel: drivers, mechanics, integument. * can be produced from seed. They are classified into: * * Lycopsida * sphenops Psilopsila.

Ferns Features: * There are around 10,000 species. * are herbaceous plants and risomatoza. * regional live in warm, humid environments, especially in tropical forests. * have true roots, stems, leaves. * leaves have veins or lenquinas protective epidermis and stomata. * spores are produced in esporaneos that are grouped together in a structure called the stem .* Soros have a layer called epidermis q serves as protection, support and vascular tissues.

Gymnosperms Features: * semillas.Reciben plants called conifers * no protective layer, or fruit to protect it, are also called naked seed plants. These seeds are essential for reproduction because they have an embryo, a tissue that enables the growth of the embryo due to food reserves and a cover that protects it. * leaves are considered fruitful.

Angiosperm Features: * are flowering plants and fruit. * have ovules that become seeds to produce fertilization and fruit formation. * in the same flower can find the female and male reproductive system of these plants.

Fern life cycle: At the bottom of the prothallus differ antheridia and archegonia.
The first release a large number of flagellated male gametes that move water moving toward the archegonia attracted by hormonal substances secreted by the female gametangia. Once you reach the archegonium penetrate it through and fertilize the oosphere neck which is located in the basal part dilated archegonium. That leads to a small plate very simple, consisting of haploid cells, which is the prothallus.
Importance of Ferns: their importance is limited. Some however, find some use in the pharmaceutical industry worming principles contained therein.
In some countries, certain species of ferns provide food materials rich in starch. Great importance has many ferns grown as ornamentals.

Adaptation: the formation of compound leaves called sporophytes. Also on the underside of these are a series of circular elements (SOROS) and within the sporangia are carriers of asexual reproductive cells called spores. They also need a stem called a rhizome that grows horizontally at the soil surface and substance accumulates reserve abruption occurs and adventitious roots and fibrous.