Database Structure Physics
The files that constitute an Oracle database are organized as follows:
Control Files: Contains data on the database (information on the structure of the physical database). These files are critical to the database. Without them, you can not open the data files to access the data contained in the database. Data files: They contain the application data or user of the database. Online redo log files: Allows retrieval of instances of the database. If the database fails and does not lose data files, the instance can recover the database with information from those files
Parameters file: Used to define how to configure the instance when it starts. Archive passwords: Allows users to connect to the database remotely and perform administrative tasks. Backup Files: Used to recover the database. Normally you restore a backup file when a failure of the physical environment or user error has damaged or deleted the original file.
Trace files: Each server process in the background and write to a trace file associated. When a process detects an internal error, dumps information about the error in trace file. Some of the information written in a trace file is intended for the administrator of the database, while other information is for Oracle Support Services.Alert Log Files: These are special tracking files. Also known as alert logs. The alert log of a database is a chronological log of messages and errors. Oracle recommends reviewing these files. Tablespaces and Data Files: A database is divided into logical storage units called tablespaces, which can be used to group related logical structures. Each database is logically divided into one or more tablespaces. It explicitly create one or more data files for each tablespace to physically store to data of all logical structures in a tablespace. System sysaux can never fail, but important.
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