Reasoning

a) The term reasoning usually refers to a set of mental activities, which are to connect ideas according to certain rules. Looking at this definition we can account for the importance of reasoning, and that is the human faculty that allows us to solve the problems we face every day. As we saw in class, the argument can go in two opposite directions: inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning.

Inductive reasoning goes from particular to general, the person meets specific observations as premises for the purpose of reaching a general conclusion. This kind of thinking is characterized by the findings go beyond what they really show the premises and that evidence is not based on exhaustive, and therefore have an incomplete form. Furthermore, it is necessary to make a correct interpretation of the evidence we have as we seek to draw conclusions that are valid.

Moreover, we have to deductive reasoning which moves from the general to the particular: the person meets general assumptions in order to reach particular conclusions. To be valid, the conclusion must necessarily rely on the premises, however, can one of the premises which is untrue, but still the valid argument form.

b) The trial, mere are apprehension and reasoning and operations of the mind are closely interrelated. The trial and the mere apprehension of great importance in the argument, and is helping us to judge the need, right now we perceive things that are useful when reasoning. For the reasons previously mentioned that the argument can not be understood without the trial and the mere apprehension.

c) deductive reasoning: as stated above, the purpose of this method is to reach a conclusion and for this particular assumptions are made concerning a group, general assumptions. The conclusion we obtain must be based exclusively on our premises, or otherwise not valid.

Inductive Reasoning: The purpose of this method is to obtain a conclusion that is applicable to a group (general conclusion) and for this we premises belonging to an individual in that group. Generally the findings are not true, because they go beyond saying the premises.

1.Considere the third operation of the spirit: the reasoning
a) Make a characterization of this and determine their importance for human knowledge.
b) Why do we need to grasp the simple reasoning and trial?
c) Describe and analyze the achievements that have knowledge, both inductive and deductive reasoning.
2.Formalice the following statements, and in each case: draw your character and make a comment to allow a proper understanding of the logical structures obtained.
a) If the bodies move they do in the place where they are or where they are not, nor the bodies move in the place where they are or where they are not, then do not move bodies .
b) If a statesman who understands that his previous views were wrong does not alter its policy, he is guilty of misleading people, and if you alter its policy is exposed to being accused of contradicting himself. Or alter its policy or not. He is either guilty of misleading people or is exposed to accuse him of contradicting himself.