Primary Sector

Item 7 Primary Sector

7.1. Delimitation and quantitative importance in Spain

It is based on the extraction of products of nature. PDeM divide: * subesector farm (58%) * livestock sub-sector (39%) and forestry subsector * (3%). To determine the quantitative importance of the productive sector and that has set in empleo.Aportacion GDP and GDP (3.5%): agriculture (3.3%), fisheries (0.2%). Aportacion employment: agricultural (5%), fisheries (0.3%). Within the agricultural subsector exit 3 subsectors: agricultural subsector * -> represents 58% of GDP agrario.Los most important are vegetables, fruits, cereals and olive oil .* livestock subsector -> represents a 39% and most important are the pigs, cattle, sheep and goatsForestry Subsector .* -> accounts for 3% and abundant wood and cork.

7.2. Characteristics of the primary sector

* The farms are usually owned by people over 55 years. * In the north is dominated by small farms and in the south is much higher. * Abound smallholders who generally act independently. * The agricultural sector is the most representative , exceeds 50% but the yield per hectare is much lower compared to EU countries.* The horticultural sector is the most competitive whose Ser. problem is scarcity.

7.3. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

It appears in the Treaty of Rome. Objectives: * to increase productivity, * ensuring adequate living standards for the agricultural, * stabilizing markets * Ensure the supply and price stability. Principles: * unit market-> is to unleash the full agricultural trade among member countries by establishing a common external tariff.* Community preference-> protection of the European market, the import versus a low price. * Financial solidarity-> income and gtos. of the CAP are included in the EU budget in the EAGGF. The CEP seeks to give farmers more profitable to have secured higher prices than those in the international market annually reviewing its level with the CPI.

In rtdos. which was the launch of the CAP must distinguish between the positive and the high productivity growth and negative as the price increases well above world levels, excess production and the huge increase in costs presupuestarios.La high budgetary impact of the CAP led to the urgent need to make adjustments.

CAP reform: * 2 new tools were introduced to reduce budgetary costs: payments of compensation and the regional limitation of production. * Agenda 2000 deepened the changes to the 1st reforma.Se teach measures to boost rural development based on diversifying the act. as an alternative to the act. agraria.Tb was encouraged the act. environmental legislation and simplification of the CAP. * Land Reform 2003, is a revision of the CAP from further reforms:

- The decoupling is the single farm payment, partial or total and with independent. rendimiento.Esta the extent varies depending on the crop.

- Modulation: progressive diminution of aid and has a goal of a 5% decrease

- Compliance: must comply with environmental standards and animal welfare penalized 25% of aid

- Fortaleciemiento of policy of rural development through complementary activities.