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Classified in Music
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CLASSICISM: between 1730 and 1820
- Clasical opera: opera underwent a change during the Classicism, which made it tend towards naturalness. It eliminated the excesses of the Baroque and took the characters closer to the new bourgeois audience.
- Opera seria: the initiator of his reformation was the german Composer Gluck which used simpler music and more plausible storylines.
- Opera Buffa: it became the favorite opera genre of the Classicism.The main Composer was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with The Magic Flute that is an Example of singspiel.
- The sonata scheme: the sonata became during the Classiccism the main composition model that was applied to the first movement of all instrumental forms.
- The sonata as a composition scheme: three-part scheme:
- Exposition: presentation of two musical themes linked by a passage called bridge.
- Development: the music moves developing and combining the material from the two main themes.
- Recapitulation: return to exposition. Both themes are presented now in the main key in order to have a stronger conclusive nature. It usually ends with a final coda.
- Exposition: presentation of two musical themes linked by a passage called bridge.
- Main instrumental forms.: the instrumental forms of the Classicism use the sonata scheme in their first movement and they are differentiated depending on the different instrumental combinations:
- Sonata: for one or two solo instruments.
- Trio, quartet, quintet, etc.: for chamber ensembles formed by three, four, five or more instruments.
- Symphony: for a whole orchestra. Four movements: Allegro, Adagio, Minuet or Scherzo and Alegro
- Concerto: for orchestra or soloist. Three movements : Allegro, Adagi and Allegro.
- The most important composers were Haydn, Mzart and Beethoven who built the bridge towards the next stage: Romanticism.
- Carmen: is an opera in four acts by the french composer Georges Bizet.